In many mountain accidents, the first minutes after the incident can decisively influence the condition of the victim and depend on the reaction of those on the spot. Salvamont explained what simple decisions can make the difference until rescuers arrive. The number of accidents on the mountain is increasing, and tourists are increasingly put in the position of providing first aid. Salvamont Romania explained what must be done until the specialized teams arrive. The first and most important thing is not to panic. A calm reaction helps both the victim and those around. If the accident occurred on a route used for rapid descents with skis, bicycles or off-road vehicles, the area must be clearly marked upstream. The recommended marking is an «X», made of sticks, skis, rucksacks or clothes, placed high enough to warn the descenders in advance. Rescuers must be notified as soon as possible. To ask for help, tourists can call 112 or directly to the Salvamont National Dispatch: 0SALVAMONT (0725 826 668), number available nationally. It is important to provide clear information about the place, the number of victims and their condition. The victim must not be moved. Even if they seem conscious or say they are fine, anyone who has suffered a trauma can have serious injuries, including to the spine. The wrong move can worsen the situation or cause paralysis. Exceptions are made only in cases where life is immediately endangered, such as the risk of collapse or avalanche. Likewise, witnesses must not try to straighten the victim's limbs or body, nor carry him in his arms, on his back, or with improvised means. Transport and immobilization are done exclusively by the Salvamont teams, who have the necessary training and equipment. If the victim is unconscious, breathing should be checked immediately. To allow the air to circulate, the mandible is slightly raised, without moving or tilting the head. If the person is not breathing, immediately call 112 and strictly follow the instructions received from the medical dispatcher for resuscitation. Witnesses must be aware of profuse bleeding. If blood penetrates through clothing, press the wound firmly with clean materials, avoiding direct contact with the blood as much as possible. For your own protection, it is recommended to use gloves or other protective materials, if available. In serious situations, the use of a tourniquet is only done when indicated by the medical dispatcher. Thermal protection is essential after an accident on the mountain. The injured person should be covered with whatever is available on the spot – extra clothes, jackets, rucksacks or, if available, a sleeping bag or survival foil. Even in summer, the cold can set in quickly, especially at altitude. The witnesses must constantly talk to the victim and observe if there are changes in the state of consciousness, breathing or the color of the skin and lips, until the arrival of the Salvamont teams. Until they arrive, staying calm, following the basic rules and constantly communicating with the dispatcher can make the difference between life and death.
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